The Married Name

If you got married and did not make a name declaration for the German legal sphere, your surname has not changed. If, for example, you got married in Tanzania, you continue to carry your previous name even after marriage.

This also applies if you are a dual citizen and already carry your spouse's name in Tanzania. Please note that even if a German passport in your preferred name was already issued to you, but the necessity of a name declaration had been overlooked in the past, the situation must be rectified now.

A name declaration can be given at any time during the existence of the marriage. The declaration is irrevocable.

Possible Options:

According to German law, you may either choose the birth or current name of either spouse. The German spouse may choose a double-barrelled surname for him- or herself, if his/her name does not become the joint family name.

You can also choose not to apply German law, but the law of one of the spouse's home country for your married name. It is advisable to choose this option if the preferred married name is not permissible according to German law.

Read below for information on how to declare your name!

Name after Divorce or Death of a Spouse

The ending of a marriage by divorce or death does not have any effect on your name. If you wish to return to your previous name a name declaration is necessary.

The registrar's office processing your name declaration will ask you to first apply for the recognition of divorce, see here

Read below for information on how to declare your name!

The Name of a Child

A child born to German parents abroad does not always have a name for the German legal sphere, even if a name has already been entered into the foreign birth certificate.

The name of your child is generally set if you as parents had a common married name at the time of birth. In most other cases a name declaration is necessary to choose a name for your child.

Please note that a name declaration may also be necessary if your child had a previous German passport issued to him/her but where the necessity of a name declaration had been overlooked.

What is the relevant law? What choices do we have?

1. German law: If both parents are German citizens, German law is applicable for the name of your child. You may either choose the father’s or the mother’s name. In case of children born in wedlock, the choice will automatically apply to younger siblings of the same parents.

2. Foreign law: If one parent has a foreign citizenship, for example if he/she is Spanish, you may choose to apply foreign law to the name of your child. Choosing for example foreign law is advisable if your child shall have a name not permissible according to German law. The choice does not have any bearing on siblings, separate name declarations must be made for each child.

Attention: It is not possible to choose Tanzanian law. Because: Tanzanian law does not know an explicit right to a name. In legal practice/customary law, a name chain is usually formed. Accordingly, a first name can be freely chosen. The first name of the possible father of the child - indicated in the birth certificate - becomes the middle name/surname of the child and the second name of the father becomes the family name of the child (unless there is a tribal name, which then remains the family name).

Tanzanian law places the determination of the name for a minor child in the free choice of the custodial parents, it is also possible to grant a so-called fantasy name. Accordingly, in the view of the Embassy of Dar es Salaam, Tanzanian law may NOT be chosen as the law applicable to the family name pursuant to Art. 10 (3) EGBGB (see, inter alia, BGH decision XII ZB 47/17 of 9 May 2018).

How to go about it?

If you are planning to apply for registration of a birth, a necessary name declaration can be given with the birth registration (see third page of application form for birth registration). We highly recommend to do that!
However, if you do not apply for birth registration, a name declaration can be given separately.

Read below for information on how to do a name declaration!

The Name of a Child over the Age of 18

If you are over 18 years old and applying for a German passport for the first time, you may need to declare your name first. If at the time of your birth your parents did not carry a joint married name according to German law, you must make a name declaration for yourself now. A name declaration may also be necessary even if you previously had German passport issued to you but the necessity of a name declaration had been overlooked.

How to Make a Name Declaration?

A name declaration must be given in person:

1. Please contact us by contact form/e-mail and forward the documents listed below as well as the the digitally completed pdf application form (not signed!) in advance as a scan. This allows us to check whether all documents are complete and saves unnecessary travel. If all documents are complete, you will be sent an appointment proposal for your personal Interview.
2. Bring all documents and certificates listed below in the original for your appointment. The copies will be certified at the German Mission and the originals returned to you at once.
3. All Tanzanian documents must be in the legalized form.
4. All documents that are not in German or English must be furnished with a German translation. Note that the registrar's office might also ask for German translations of English documents.
5. Please note that many registry offices request Tanzanian certificates to be furnished with an Apostille. In order to avoid later delays, we recommend submitting documents with Apostilles right from the start.
6. The Embassy will forward your name declaration and supplementing documents to the registry office in Germany where a certificate of proof of name will be issued. The registry office will most likely charge an additional fee for the certificate of approximately 12,- Euros, to be paid directly to the registry office.
7. Information concerning data protection with regard to the processing of your application can be found here.

Required documents:

Note: Not all possible cases and scenarios can be represented here. Additional documentation might be necessary depending on your individual case.

Change of Name under Public Law

There are cases in which a name declaration cannot take place or can no longer be undertaken according to the civil law options described so far on this page.

If an important reason exists that would justify a change of name, an application can be made for a change of name under public law. Further information can be found here.